The Usefulness of the Analogy Between Society and a...

The Usefulness of the Analogy Between Society and a Biological Organism One set of sociologist that use the Biological or Organic analogy of societies are the Functionalists. Functionalism first emerged in Europe in the 19th Century. The French sociologist Emile Durkheim was the most influential of all the early functionalists. The theory became the dominant theoretical perspective in the 1940s and 1950. The functionalist theory is that within society there are many small parts that have to work together to maintain the society. I will be assessing how useful this analogy is to show the likeness between society and a biological organism. The functionalists argue that†¦show more content†¦The functions of the various parts all contribute into the maintenance of the body to cause effect. In the functionalist view behaviour in society is structured. relationships between members of society are organized in terms of rules. Values provide the general guidelines for behaviour in society and norms and roles are derived from them. The functions of social institutions are to work in together to help society to work better together e.g. the function of the family is to socialize the children to behave in the manner that is accepted within that society. Growth Biological organisms develop through a life cycle and evolve into more complex forms. They do this by adapting and changing themselves to better suit their environment. Societies in ways do the same, by means of reproduction to grow and improving technology and knowledge to grow out from their boundaries. Equilibrium The concept in biology of Homeostasis where the body keeps its temperature at approximately 37 °c by means of releasing the hormone ADH and controlling the amount of water lost et cetera. Is used in relation in functionalism from where Parsons notion of fit where social arrangements adapt to changing condition much like how they grow from change. So in relation to the biological analogy the values can be seen as the skeletalShow MoreRelatedThe Importance of Demography to Development11868 Words   |  48 Pagesorganization, and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relationships, institutions, etc. It generally concerns itself with the social rules and processes that bind and separate people not only as individuals, but as members of associations, groups, and institutions, and includes the examination of the organization and development of human social life. 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